Improvement in churns



, Unire 'rn'rns' PATENT Friese.

ANDREW WTALKER, OF GLAREMONT, NEW HAMPSHIRE.

IMPROVEMENT IN cHUaNs.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 39,023, dated June 23, 1863.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANDREW WALKER, of Claremont, in the county of Sullivan, in the State of New Hampshire, have invented a new, useful, and Improved Churn 5 and I do hereby decla-re that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this speciiication.

I am aware that there are other churns patented and in use which, in some particulars, involve the principle developed in mine, yet such is the nature of my invention that there are some essential differences, as in the position of the` agitators, in the construction of the agitators, in the application of the cream for churning and in adjusting the agitators. In the case of other churns many, if not all, agitators are placed perpendicularly. Mine is horizontal-adopting the principle of grain millstones-by which the cream is not allowed to pass off of the surface of the under agitator until it passes from the center to the outside edge. In other churns the cream is put between the agitators on the side. I put the cream onto a concave agitator, which has an opening or hole in its center through which the cream passes on the upper surface of the under agitator to its outside edge into the. body of the churn. In addition to the above I place an ad j Listn g-screw, which also forms a step for the upright shaft, so as to effect any desirable degree of closenessnearly watertight-thus rendering it very improbable that a single globule of cream will pass over the surface of the under agitator withoutbein g sufficiently broken. I place the disks near the center of the churn for the purpose of providing a receptacle for the cream above them inside of the churn, thereby dispensing with the receptacle usually7 employed outside of the churn for feeding the cream to the disks.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willv proceed to describe its construction and operation.

Figure lis a vertical sectional view, designed to exhibit, in distinction from Fig. 2, the screws o o, which fasten in position the agitator h, and the cross-piece r, holding in position the shaft c. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view, designed to exhibit, in distinction from Fig. l, the pipe t, through which the air passes into the body of the churn, below the outer edge, h2, of the agitator h. Fig. 3 is a face view of the under surface of the agitator h.

a is a screw answering the purpose of a step for the shaft c, and also an adjuster of the agitators h hf. The upright shaft c c c has on its upper end a miter spur-gear, c. The shaft is an iron rod resting at its lower end on the step a, and sheathed in wood from its lower end, c', up to a point just above the lower end of a ferrule, f. At g g are arms or dashers diagonally placed in and around the sheathing of the shaft, designed for gathering together the butter and separating it from the buttermilk. The agitators h li', on their inner or face surface, are made with teeth in circles, Fig. 3, around the shaft c, and in rows from the center to the circumference. The teeth are pointed from their base upward, and so arranged as to move a row or circle of the teeth of one disk between a row or circle of the teeth of the other disk. The upper agitator, 71., is made to fit closely in the barrel or chest of the churn, having a ange, h2, dropping below its own teeth and around the lower agitator, hf, as seen in Figs. l and 2, resting on an inward projection of the barrel of the churn h3, and is fastened by screws or pins o 0 so as not to move, and also to allow of the pressure of the lower agitator, h. by means of the adjustable step a to any desirable degree. The upper agitator, h, is on its upper surface made concave, 0202, Figs. l and 2, for the purpose of facilitating the passage of the cream through an opening-hole c3, Fig. S-in the center of the upper agitator, h, onto the facesurface of the lower agitator, h. The under agitator, h', is little less in its diameter than the upper one, h, so as to allow an easy movement within the ange h2, the upper agitator being fastened to the churn, and the lower one being firmly attached to the sheathing of the shaft at 7o lc k k and designed to revolve with the shaft, which is put in motion by the crank m, as connected with the miter spurgear d by the large miter-gear n, attached to the crank-shaft m. A cross-piece, r, is placed just below the lid s, with a hole in it, through which the shaft c passes and by which the shaft c is held in position when Working. The ends of the cross-piece r drop into notches made for the purpose, by which it is held fast when the shaft is in use.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Placing the disks in the churn, as described, for the purpose of providing a receptaele for the cream above them and inside of the churn, thereby dispensing with the receptacle usually employed outside of the churn for feeding the cream to the disks.

2. The disk h, as constructed, when arranged to rest on the shoulders of the churn7 as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The set-screw a., in combination with the stationary disk h, all arranged and operating in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

In Witness that I elaiin the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two Witnesses.

ANDREW WALKER.

W'itnesses z EDWARD D. BAKER, GEORGE W. MERRIFIELD. 

